當我們在做RHEL的練習時,沒有YUM可以用實在很不方便,要常常去找光碟片上的RPM來安裝,偏偏上RHCE課程時送的光碟又只有CD的分成好幾片,實在非常不方便(這實在很詭異,難道RedHat認為花的起上課費用的學員,家裡電腦會沒有DVD嗎).
RHEL因為是付費版,所以如果沒有買授權是無法註冊RHN來使用YUM,但一般我們在做練習又不可能去花錢買授權,所以只有2種方式讓你能用YUM.
1.自己使用光碟片的檔案建立Local YUM Server
2.使用其他的YUM Server
先介紹第2種最簡單的方式,大家在學RHEL時一定要認識CentOS,因為它就是一群善心人士基於RHEL也是Open Source所以希望能讓更多人使用,把RHEL重新建置成免費版本,要注意他無法保證跟RHEL一模一樣,但穩定度一定比Fedora好.
上面提到CentOS跟RHEL是極相似的雙胞胎,所以這也代表CentOS的YUM Server上的RPM也可以安裝在RHEL上.
如果有上過課的一定必須知道怎麼設定新的YUM Server目標,就是新增一個yum repos.
先到/etc/yum.repos.d目錄裡,建立一個到CentOS的yum repos
#cd /etc/yum.repos.d
#vi centos.repo <==檔名可自定,但副檔名一定要.repo
將以下內容複製到centos.repo並儲存
[c5base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=5&arch=$basearch&repo=os
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=5&arch=$basearch&repo=os
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
#released updates
[c5updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=5&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
[c5updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=5&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
#packages used/produced in the build but not released
[c5addons]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Addons
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=5&arch=$basearch&repo=addons
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
[c5addons]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Addons
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=5&arch=$basearch&repo=addons
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
#additional packages that may be useful
[c5extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=5&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
[c5extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=5&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[c5plus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=5&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
[c5plus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=5&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
再來就是將yum的cache清除
#yum clean all
完成,下次你就可以在RHEL上使用YUM了
注意:以上方式只是用於,平時在家裡做練習時方便用,如果在公司使用請購買RedHat的正式授權,以確保系統的穩定度.
不然就是改用CentOS
絕對不要再正式環境使用無法做正常yum更新的RHEL這樣是非常不安全的,而且也違反軟體著作財產權.
